Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MH) is common in Swiss wild boar as detected by RT-PCR. There was little information on enzootic pneumonia (EP) in wild boar until the study in Spain in 2010 which ...
Cancer is a genetic disease; tumor cells differ from their normal progenitors by genetic alterations that affect growth-regulatory genes. There exist 2 classes of such cancer genes: the oncogenes, which function as positive growth regulators, and ...
Allergy also known as hypersensitivity is a condition in which the immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance (allergen). Common types of allergies include drug allergy, food allergy, cont ...
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is increasing. Most patients present beyond potentially curative options and are usually affected by underlying cirrhosis. In this scenario, trans-arterial therapies, such as radioembolization, are rapidly ...
Endophytes are bacterial or fungal microorganisms that colonize healthy plant tissue intercellularly and/or intracellularly without causing any apparent symptoms of disease. They are ubiquitous, colonize in all plants, and have been isolated from ...
A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled noncancerous lump that usually develops in the wrist or hand. But some occur in the ankles or feet.When a ganglion cyst presses on a nerve it can be painful. And depending on its location, a ganglion cyst may rest ...
The prokaryotic organisms mainly include bacteria. Their length is only few micrometers long. There are so many shapes that a bacteria possess and the can be sphere or rods and spirals. They can be present at any p-lace ranging from soil, water, a ...
Host Susceptibility Resistance to bacterial infections is enhanced by phagocytic cells and an intact immune system. Initial resistance is due to nonspecific mechanisms. Specific immun ...
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb) are antibodies that are made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell. Monoclonal antibodies can have monovalent affinity, in that they bind to the same ep ...
Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disease that initially manifests in the form of intraoral lesions, which spread to other mucous membranes and the skin. The etiology of pemphigus vulgaris is still unknown, althoug ...
A foreign animal disease is one which is accepted to be missing from the United States and its domains, however is irresistible to animals or poultry and can possibly cause a huge wellbeing or financial effect. When a co ...
Cancer, also called malignancy, is an abnormal growth of cells. There are more than 100 types of cancer, including breast cancer, skin cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and lymphoma. Symptoms vary depending on the type. Cancer tr ...
When the body detects an intruder, it launches a biological response to try to remove it. The attacker could be a foreign body, such as a thorn, an irritant, or a pathogen. Pathogens include bacteria, viruses, and other organisms, which ...
When the body detects an intruder, it launches a biological response to try to remove it. The attacker could be a foreign body, such as a thorn, an irritant, or a pathogen. Pathogens include bacteria, viruses, and other organisms, which ...
A tumor is a mass of tissue that's formed by an accumulation of abnormal cells. Normally, the cells in your body age, die, and are replaced by new cells. With cancer and other tumors, something disrupts this cycle. Tumor cells grow, even ...
Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of macrophages and NK-cells, the production of antige ...
Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of macrophages and NK-cells, the production of antige ...
our lungs are 2 sponge-like organs in your chest. Your right lung has 3 sections, called lobes. Your left lung has 2 lobes. The left lung is smaller because the heart takes up more room on that side of the body. Whe ...
Cell-mediated and innate immunity is important in the clearance of rickettsial infections. CD4+ and CD8+ cells, along with macrophages and dendritic cells, are believed to be sources of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, Il-1 ...
The prokaryotic organisms mainly include bacteria. Their length is only few micrometers long. There are so many shapes that a bacteria possess and the can be sphere or rods and spirals. They can be present at any p-lace ...