Vascular surgery is a surgical subspecialty in which diseases of the vascular system, or arteries, veins and lymphatic circulation, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive catheter procedures, and surgical construction again. Vascular surgery is a nascent surgical subspecialty in which diseases of the vascular system, or arteries and veins are managed by medical therapy. When the buildup becomes very severe, it can cause a stroke. Typically, patients are referred to a vascular surgeon by their primary care physician. Your incision may be sore for several days. You should be able to walk farther now without needing to rest. Full recovery from surgery may take 6 to 8 weeks.A vascular surgeon diagnoses, treats, and manages conditions in your arteries and veins, also called your blood vessels. The purpose of vascular surgery is to treat vascular diseases, which are diseases of the arteries and veins. Vascular surgery is a specialty of surgery in which diseases of the vascular system, or arteries and veins, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive.Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is commonly caused by atherosclerosis, which is a buildup of plaque deposited in the walls of blood vessels.