A Tuberculoma is a clinical manifestation of tuberculosis which conglomerates tubercles into a firm lump, and so can mimic cancer tumors of many types in medical imaging studies. Since these are evolutions of primary complex, the tuberculomas may contain within caseum or calcifications. Tuberculomas are space-occupying lesions resulting from the containment of the inflammatory process in metastatic tuberculosis. Tuberculomas are more common in developing countries, particularly in children. In the United States, tuberculomas are seen most frequently in the setting of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Presenting signs of tuberculomas depend on the site of the lesion. When adjacent to the arachnoid they may rupture, causing arachnoiditis. In the brain, tuberculomas present as mass lesions, often with seizures. In the spinal cord, tuberculomas may cause cord compression and spinal fluid block; combined surgery and chemotherapy should be instituted for these cases. Fewer than one third of patients have signs of tuberculosis elsewhere, as contrasted with tuberculous meningitis. CT scans are very useful in the diagnosis. Early tuberculomas show edema and low-density or isodense lesions. As the lesions progress, they become hyperdense, with ring enhancement. Medical treatment is preferable to surgery, which is reserved for lesions in critical locations or for diagnosis. Steroids are useful if cerebral edema causes symptoms.