Pulmonology is a medical sub specialty that deals with lungs, bronchial tubes and upper respiratory tract, including nose, pharynx, throat and the heart. Since it primarily focuses on lungs, Pulmonology is also called as ‘Chest Medicine’ or ‘Respiratory medicine’. Pulmonology forms part of ‘internal medicine’ and it is often put to ‘Intensive Medical Care’. Basic research in pulmonology is aimed at better understanding of the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in order to enhance early diagnosis and improvement treatment modalities of these disorders.