Synthetic biology techniques are newly emerged fabrication methods for biomaterials that genetically modify the sequence and structure of protein-based biomaterials. It is expected that this new technology may provide both rational and evolutionary strategies for developing innovative biomaterials toward orthopedic applications . Although only a few examples have been demonstrated, it is believed that synthetic biology may help to create ideal biomaterials for orthopedics and musculoskeletal engineering in the near future. In recent research, for example, Zhong et al. demonstrated a modular genetic strategy for the design of bioinspired hybrid nanofibers by combining mussel foot proteins (Mfps) of Mytilus galloprovincialis with CsgA proteins (the major subunit of E. coli amyloid curli fibers) . CsgA contains five stacked strand–loop–strand motifs mediated by conserved residues and can self-assemble into nanofibers via a rate-limiting nucleation step followed by fibril extension. Mfp3 and Mfp5, major mussel adhesive foot proteins, have unstructured coil structures in solution and are critical to the underwater interfacial adhesion of mussels. One-pot isothermal Gibson assembly was generated to create two gene constructs (CsgA–Mfp3 and Mfp5–CsgA) independently. These hybrid nanofibers were synthesized by protein expression and refolding and, more importantly, could hierarchically self-assemble into higher-order structures that exhibit strong adhesiveness.Synthetic biology is an emerging field of bioengineering that combines the expertise of biologists and engineers to design and implement novel biological functions in vivo . Key concepts from the engineering world, such as abstraction, standardization, modularity, and datasheet specification, are used to design, build up, and characterize biological systems that can quantitatively work as intended . DNA sequences, herein called biological parts, are the main building blocks that can be assembled to obtain a genetic program that can carry out the function of interest. Biological parts include genes and regulatory sequences that can be tuned to optimize system behavior. A genetic program can work once introduced into a host organism (a biological chassis), which can use its transcriptional/translational machinery to decode the program and carry out the encoded function.