Streptomyces coelicolor, a filamentous, high G-C, gram-positive bacteria, was first dubbed Streptothrix coelicolor in 1908 by R. Muller after he found it on a potato. Later, it became known as Streptomyces coelicolor. The Streptomyces coelicolor A3 strain studied in depth by David A Hopwood and sequenced by the John Innes Center and the Sanger Institute is actually taxonomically a member of the Streptomyces violaceoruber genus, although it retains the former name, and is not the same strain as the Muller strain. Streptomyces coelicolor, like the streptomyces genus in general, live in the soil. Streptomyces are responsible for much of the break down of organic material in the soil as well as the “earthy” smell of soil. They also live in colonies and have structural similarities to fungus. Colonies of Streptomyces coelicolor release pigments that are blue/green in alkali and red in acidic conditions, thereby giving the bacterial colonies those colors under the respective conditions