Spinal fusion, additionally called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a neurosurgical or orthopedic surgical method that joins two or extra vertebrae. This manner may be completed at any level in the spine (cervical, thoracic, or lumbar) and prevents any movement between the fused vertebrae. there are numerous varieties of spinal fusion and each technique involves using bone grafting—either from the affected person (autograft), donor (allograft), or synthetic bone substitutes—to assist the bones heal collectively. extra hardware (screws, plates, or cages) is regularly used to maintain the bones in place even as the graft fuses the 2 vertebrae together. the location of hardware can be guided via fluoroscopy, navigation systems, or robotics. Spinal fusion is most commonly finished to alleviate the ache and strain on the spinal cord that outcomes when a disc (cartilage among vertebrae) wears out (degenerative disc disorder).other not unusual pathological conditions which are treated by means of spinal fusion consist of spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, spondylosis, spinal fractures, scoliosis, and kyphosis
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