Pollution Effects & Control. Pollutants the components of pollution can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Air pollution, Light pollution, Noise pollution, Soil contamination, radioactive contamination, Thermal pollution, and Visual pollution and Water pollution. Pollution has been found to be present widely in the environment. Research indicates that living in areas of high pollution has serious long term health effects. People of all ages who live in high pollution areas for extended periods place themselves at increased risk of various neurological disorders. Both air pollution and heavy metal pollution have been implicated as having negative effects on central nervous system (CNS) functionality.