Softening of bones that is often caused due to vitamin D deficiency is referred to as osteomalacia. Osteomalacia is different from that of osteroporesis, a disorder that may lead to bone fractures. Osteomalacia symptoms may not be seen in the initial stages, as it worsens individuals may experience muscle weakness and bone pains. The causes may be either deficiency of calcium and phosphate minerals which are required for strong bones or if the body does not absorb these minerals from the diet. If sunlight deficiency is the cause then replenishing the low levels of vitamin D may cure osteomalacia. If calcium or phosphorous are in low quantities in blood then supplements containing those minerals may be used for curing the disorder. Peer review refers to the work done during the screening of submitted manuscripts and funding applications. This process encourages authors to meet the accepted standards of their discipline and reduces the dissemination of irrelevant findings, unwarranted claims, unacceptable interpretations, and personal views. Publications that have not undergone peer review are likely to be regarded with suspicion by academic scholars and professionals.