In outpatient consultation, which is one of the major roles of cardiovascular medical practice, evaluation and treatment of complex cases may be important in production efficiency of physicians, although there are diverse concepts of social role and significance of physicians in management of medical institutions. The clinical outputs through outpatient consultation include the planning of a treatment and facilitation of health recovery as treatment order for outpatients, and therefore, we should place a large value on outpatient consultation of complex cases. In medical institutions, sound management of complexity in clinical practice is required to balance social demands and limited resources. Thus, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) using clinical outputs as well as economic output may be appropriate to management social significance of health care field.In outpatient consultation, which is one of the major roles of cardiovascular medical practice, evaluation and treatment of complex cases may be important in production efficiency of physicians, although there are diverse concepts of social role and significance of physicians in management of medical institutions. The clinical outputs through outpatient consultation include the planning of a treatment and facilitation of health recovery as treatment order for outpatients, and therefore, we should place a large value on outpatient consultation of complex cases.