Malnutrition is common in people being treated with dialysis and close to 40% suffer from varying degrees of protein-energy malnutrition. Most patients on dialysis need to limit the amount of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus in in their diet. Be sure to talk with your healthcare provider about your specific nutrition needs. Your needs may vary depending on the type of dialysis treatment you receive. Food Safety is a Must! The causes of protein-energy malnutrition in people being treated with maintenance dialysis are varied including decrease in dietary protein and overall energy intake. Protein intake may be restricted because higher intake of protein requires higher doses of dialysis.