It has been suggested that probiotics have beneficial effects on a variety of health problems including immunologic diseases and metabolic disorders, however, the effects on brain function are yet to be fully studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between probiotic food consumption and depression status through a cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide, large population-based data.who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2012–2016). A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess probiotic food consumption. Depression status was determined by two different methods including a Patient.