Non-maleficence is a practice in which physicians must refrain from providing ineffective treatments or acting with ill will toward patients. But since many beneficial therapies have serious risks, therefore, this principle, offers a little useful guidance to physicians. Scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further progress of science, usually by reporting novel research.Nonmaleficence means non-harming or inflicting the least harm possible to reach a beneficial outcome. Harm and its effects are considerations and part of the ethical decision-making process in the NICU. Short-term and long-term harm, though unintentional, often accompany life-saving treatment in the NICU.