Neurological surgery is well suited for the incorporation of robotic assistance. Bony superstructure meant small holes for manipulation—spurring a growth in stereotactic surgery. This minimally invasive neurosurgery became possible once CT scans allowed for pinpoint localization of lesions. That one had to work between tight anatomical confines, and large veins were a further incentive along with understanding of potential harm related to even the slightest mishap. Even nonstereotactic, procedures are microsurgical in nature. However, the many and varied steps involved in localization, access, and surgical execution would require distinct “robotic competencies.” The CyberKnife is an image-guided robotic technology for noninvasive cancer surgery to provide radiosurgery (e.g., a gamma knife uses gamma rays) for lesions anywhere in the body when radiation treatment is indicated. It has a special role for hard-to-reach brain tumors like meningiomas of the skull base.