Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitor cells that generate the neurons and glia of the nervous system of all animals during embryonic development.These stem cells are found in two zones of the dentate gyrus (part of the hippocampus) in the brain, as well as in the striatum (part of the basal ganglia located deep within the cerebral hemispheres), the neocortex (the outer thickness of the highly convoluted cerebral cortex), and the spinal cord.The astonishing progress in the field of stem cell biology during the past 40 years has transformed both science and medicine. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the stem cells of the nervous system. During development they give rise to the entire nervous system.