The nerves of the central nervous system are contained in sheaths made of myelin, a substance that helps nerve function. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable disease of the central nervous system that irritates the myelin and causes plaques or lesions to appear. The brain, spinal cord and optic nerves can be affected.
The disease most commonly affects young white females living in temperate (warmer) regions of the world. The cause of MS is not known, although genetic and environmental factors are involved. It is thought that a virus may be the trigger. The two major forms of MS are called ‘relapsing-remitting’ and ‘progressive’.
Symptoms of MS depend on which part of the nervous system is targeted. Common problems may include fatigue, continence problems, sexual problems, constipation, pain, cognitive (thought-related) changes, altered sensation, and muscular and visual changes.
While there is no cure, these symptoms can be eased with appropriate medications, therapies and self-help strategies. Always discuss your concerns with your doctor or specialist.