Healthy kidneys clean your blood and remove extra fluid in the form of urine. They also make substances that keep your body healthy. Dialysis replaces some of these functions when your kidneys no longer work. There are two different types of dialysis - hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Chronic kidney disease is now a global problem. When the kidney is not able to perform most of its function, transplantation or dialysis is required. The most common renal treatment today is hemodialysis. The use of modern technology in dialysis has made malnutrition less prevalent in undergoing hemodialysis. However, there are many factors that lead to malnutrition even with modern procedures of hemodialysis treatment. Peer review refers to the work done during the screening of submitted manuscripts and funding applications. When you begin hemodialysis, the needles put in your fistula or graft may be uncomfortable. Most patients get used to this in time. Your dialysis care team will make sure you are as comfortable as possible during your treatment. Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work (peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review methods are used to maintain quality standards, improve performance, and provide credibility. In academia, scholarly peer review is often used to determine an academic paper's suitability for publication. Peer review can be categorized by the type of activity and by the field or profession in which the activity occurs, e.g., medical peer review.