Global issue refers to any issue (problem, risk) that adversely affects the worldwide community and environment, possibly in a catastrophic way, including environmental issues, political crisis, social issues and economic crisis. Solutions to global issues generally require cooperation among nations. Global issues are qualitatively different from international affairs and that the former arise from growing international interdependencies which makes the issues themselves interdependent. It is speculated that our global interconnectedness, instead of (only) making us more resilient, makes us more vulnerable to global catastrophe.