The exchange of one currency for another, or the conversion of one currency into another currency. The market in which participants are able to buy, sell, exchange and speculate on currencies. System of trading in and converting the currency of one country into that of another. Foreign exchange also refers to the global market where currencies are traded virtually around-the-clock. Peer review refers to the work done during the screening of submitted manuscripts and funding applications. This process encourages authors to meet the accepted standards of their discipline and reduces the dissemination of irrelevant findings, unwarranted claims, unacceptable interpretations, and personal views. Publications that have not undergone peer review are likely to be regarded with suspicion by academic scholars and professionals.