Febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial illnesses in children. Symptoms of UTI include frequent or painful urination, wetting during the day or night, leaking or dribbling, and foul-smelling urine. Fever, stomach aches in the lower abdomen, and vomiting​ may also be present. As febrile UTI may lead to acute renal parenchymal damage, possible permanent renal scarring decreased renal function, and endstage renal disease, early diagnosis, and treatment are important. Infection can spread up the urinary tract to the kidneys, or uncommonly the kidneys may become infected through bacteria in the bloodstream.