Epilepsy is the most common childhood brain disorder in the United States nearly 3 million Americans have this condition. About two-thirds of all children with epilepsy outgrow their seizures by the time they are teenagers. Epilepsy can be caused by infections, genetic mutations, brain injury or a tumor, abnormal blood vessels, or bleeding in the brain. Kids with Down syndrome, autism, and some metabolic disorders also may have epilepsy. Some types of epilepsy run in families. Epilepsy in children is diagnosed by a pediatric neurologist (a doctor who specializes in brain, spine, and nervous system problems). Testing may include: blood tests and urine tests (to look for infections or illnesses) EEG, or electroencephalography (to see brain waves/electrical activity in the brain)