Epigenetics is the study of molecular processes that influence the flow of information between a constant DNA sequence and variable gene expression patterns. This includes investigation of nuclear organization, DNA methylation, histone modification and RNA transcription. Epigenetic processes can result in intergenerational (heritable) effects as well as clonal propagation of cell identity without any mutational change in DNA sequence.
Genetics encompasses study of structure and function of genes; causative factors, physiological consequences of genetic variations as well as various other aspects of heredity. Genetic studies involve in depth analysis of diverse features of DNA and chromosomes, reproduction and heredity, recombination and genetic linkage, gene expression, the central dogma of life, genetic mutations, evolution, genomics and DNA sequencing. Genetics helps in comprehending the molecular aspects of various diseases and helps us to formulate specific treatment and management strategies. Scientists are currently engaged in finding the cure for chronic diseases by modifying the associated genes, a process referred to as gene therapy and it is speculated as the future of medical treatment practices.
Genetic mutation is a permanent change in the DNA. Mutations may or may not produce changes in the organism. Hereditary mutations and Somatic mutations are the two types of Gene mutations. Former types are inherited from the parents and are present in every cell of the human body whereas latter type may occur at some point of life time due to environmental factors.