Contamination of groundwater by leached out arsenic results in a serious human health problem when underground aquifers are used as a source of drinking water. Millions of people in over 20 countries across the world such as Argentina, Bangladesh, China, India, Mexico, Mongolia, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, the United States, Canada, Vietnam, among others face this arsenic contamination problem In some places in Bangladesh, concentration of arsenic in groundwater is as high as 1000 μg/L. The largest population at risk among the countries affected by arsenic contamination of groundwater is in Bangladesh, followed by West Bengal in India. In offering relief to the suffering populations, region-specific policy formulation that considers the huge variation of socioeconomic conditions and availability of technology is essential. Despite extensive research on the occurrence of arsenic and on mitigation methods, implementation of arsenic removal technology is very limited in the backdrop of limited scale-up confidence