Osteomyelitis is an infection and inflammation of the bone or the bone marrow. It can happen if a bacterial or fungal infection enters the bone tissue from the bloodstream, due to injury or surgery. Around 80 percent of cases develop because of an open wound. Symptoms include deep pain and muscle spasms in the inflammation area, and fever. Bone infections commonly affect the long bones in the leg and upper arm, the spine, and the pelvis. In the past, it was difficult to treat osteomyelitis, but now, aggressive treatment can often save the infected bone and stem the spread of infection. Osteomyelitis is estimated to affect 2 out of every 10,000 people in the United States at some time. In this article, we explain the treatment, symptoms, causes, and more.