Monitoring and controlling of the process parameters is very essential in all industries and effective methods to monitor those parameters are need to be developed, optimized and need to be maintained at their maximum efficiency in order to meet the desired product yield and product quality. Varieties of products are being manufactured through biotechnological processes which include various primary and secondary metabolites, tissues, vaccines, therapeutic proteins etc. Various factors are involved in cultivation of cells and production of the desired product by biotechnological process which includes, medium composition, bioreactor designing, identifying and controlling very minute parameters in narrow ranges in order to obtain the desired product quality and productivity. During the process of fermentation, those minute parameters are to be monitored and controlled within the operating ranges that decided the quantity and quality of the product. Process parameter monitoring requires a detection system to measure, to analyse, to monitor and to control the required parameters within the given r operational range. Various monitoring systems have been implanted which includes manual mode of operation, off-line mode of operation and online mode of operation. Among all, online mode of operation is the best operative mode which identifies, measures, analyses and controls the required parameter as fermentation is in progress. Review articles are the summary of current state of understanding on a particular research topic. They analyze or discuss research previously published by scientist and academicians rather than reporting novel research results. Review article comes in the form of systematic reviews and literature reviews and are a form of secondary literature. Systematic reviews determine an objective list of criteria, and find all previously published original research papers that meet the criteria. They then compare the results presented in these papers. Literature reviews, by contrast, provide a summary of what the authors believe are the best and most relevant prior publications. The concept of "review article" is separate from the concept of peer-reviewed literature. It is possible for a review to be peer-reviewed, and it is possible for a review to be non-peer-reviewed.