Bioleaching (or biomining) is a process in mining and biohydrometallurgy (natural processes of interactions between microbes and minerals) that extracts valuable metals from a low-grade ore with the help of microorganisms such as bacteria or archaea. Direct bioleaching uses minerals that are easily receptive to oxidation to create a direct enzymatic strike using the microorganisms to separate the metal and the ore.In indirect bioleaching, microorganisms are not in direct contact with minerals during the process. However, leaching agents are created by microbes, which still oxidise the ore.Bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site. The process in which the insoluble metal sulfides are converted into water-soluble metal sulfates is called as Bioleaching. Here the micro-organisms that have capable of producing the leaching chemicals play an important role. These organisms are mainly involved in the mineral oxidation process.