Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen primarily associated with hospital-acquired infections. It is typically short, almost round, rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium. It is named after the bacteriologist Paul Baumann. Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a highly troublesome pathogen for many institutions globally. Apart from its predilection for the seriously ill within intensive care units, A. baumannii has more recently caused a range of infectious syndromes in military personnel injured in the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts.